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PCI SSC QSA_New_V4 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 25
Where can live PANs be used for testing?
- A. Pre-production environments that are located within the CDE.
- B. Testing with live PANs must only be performed in the QSA Company environment.
- C. Pre-production (test) environments only if located outside the CDE.
- D. Production (live) environments only.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Requirement 6.4.3.1clarifies that if live PANs are to be used in testing, the test environment mustmeet all applicable PCI DSS controls. Thus,testing with live PAN is only allowed if the test environment is within the CDEand fully secured.
* Option A:#Incorrect. Testing should not happen in production.
* Option B:#Incorrect. It must be within the CDE if live PAN is involved.
* Option C:#Correct. Live PANs can be used inpre-production environments within the CDE.
* Option D:#Incorrect. There's no requirement to test only within QSA environments.
NEW QUESTION # 26
Which of the following statements Is true whenever a cryptographic key Is retired and replaced with a new key?
- A. Cryptographic key components from the retired key must be retained for 3 months before disposal.
- B. Anew key custodian must be assigned.
- C. All data encrypted under the retired key must be securely destroyed.
- D. The retired key must not be used for encryption operations.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 27
Which of the following is true regarding internal vulnerability scans?
- A. They must be performed by an Approved Scanning Vendor (ASV).
- B. They must be performed by QSA personnel.
- C. They must be performed after a significant change.
- D. They must be performed at least annually.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Internal vulnerability scanning is addressed underRequirement 11.3.1. According to PCI DSS, internal vulnerability scansmust be conducted at least once every three monthsandafter any significant changein the environment, such as new system components, changes in network topology, firewall rule changes, or product upgrades.
* Option A:Correct. Scans must be performed after significant changes.
* Option B:Incorrect. Internal scansdo not require an ASV. ASVs are required for external vulnerability scans (Requirement 11.3.2).
* Option C:Incorrect. A QSA is not required to perform internal scans. They can be performed by qualified internal staff or third-party providers.
* Option D:Incorrect. Internal scans arerequired quarterly, not annually.
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which scenario describes segmentation of the cardholder data environment (CDE) for the purposes of reducing PCI DSS scope?
- A. Routers that monitor network traffic flows between the CDE and out-of-scope networks.
- B. Firewalls that log all network traffic flows between the CDE and out-of-scope networks.
- C. A network configuration that prevents all network traffic between the CDE and out-of-scope networks.
- D. Virtual LANs that route network traffic between the CDE and out-of-scope networks.
Answer: C
Explanation:
True segmentation, as defined inPCI DSS Scope Guidance, requiresenforcing isolationsuch thatno network traffic is allowed between the CDE and out-of-scope systems, unless explicitly permitted and secured. This is the only way toreduce assessment scopereliably.
* Option A:#Incorrect. Monitoring alone does not restrict or prevent access.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Logging without restriction doesnot isolatethe CDE.
* Option C:#Incorrect. VLANs may be part of segmentation, but routing traffic alone doesn't reduce scope.
* Option D:#Correct. This describesproper segmentation: no uncontrolled traffic into the CDE.
NEW QUESTION # 29
According to Requirement 1, what is the purpose of "Network Security Controls"?
- A. Manage anti-malware throughout the CDE.
- B. Discover vulnerabilities and rank them.
- C. Encrypt PAN when stored.
- D. Control network traffic between two or more logical or physical network segments.
Answer: D
Explanation:
According toRequirement 1.2.1of PCI DSS v4.0.1, network security controls (NSCs), such as firewalls and segmentation controls, are used torestrict and control trafficbetween trusted and untrusted networks. This includes logical or physical network segmentation.
* Option A:Incorrect. Anti-malware is addressed in Requirement 5.
* Option B:Correct. NSCs control and restrict inbound and outbound traffic between logical and physical network segments.
* Option C:Incorrect. Vulnerability management is under Requirement 6.
* Option D:Incorrect. PAN encryption is covered in Requirement 3.5.
Reference:PCI DSS v4.0.1 - Requirement 1.2.1.
NEW QUESTION # 30
What is the intent of classifying media that contains cardholder data?
- A. Ensuring that media is clearly and visibly labeled as "Confidential" so all personnel know that the media contains cardholder data.
- B. Ensuring that media containing cardholder data is moved from secured areas on a quarterly basis.
- C. Ensuring that media is properly protected according to the sensitivity of the data it contains.
- D. Ensuring that all media is consistently destroyed on the same schedule, regardless of the contents.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Requirement 9.6.1mandates theclassification of mediaso that appropriatehandling, storage, and disposalprocedures are applied based on thesensitivity of the data. This ensures that media storing cardholder data is not treated the same as media containing non-sensitive content.
* Option A:#Correct. Classifying media enablesrisk-appropriate protections.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Movement schedules are not mandated.
* Option C:#Incorrect. Labeling is a recommended control but not the primary intent.
* Option D:#Incorrect. Destruction must bebased on data classification, not uniform timing.
NEW QUESTION # 31
Which statement is true regarding the presence of both hashed and truncated versions of the same PAN in an environment?
- A. The hashed and truncated versions must be correlated so the source PAN can be identified.
- B. Hashed and truncated versions of a PAN must not exist in same environment.
- C. Controls are needed to prevent the original PAN being exposed by the hashed and truncated versions.
- D. The hashed version of the PAN must also be truncated per PCI DSS requirements for strong cryptography.
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Hashing and Truncation
* PCI DSS Requirement 3.4 mandates protecting stored PAN using methods like hashing and truncation. If both versions coexist, controls must ensure they cannot be combined to reconstruct the original PAN.
* Incorrect Options
* Option B: Truncation is unrelated to hashed PANs.
* Option C: Correlation of hashed and truncated versions to identify the PAN violates PCI DSS principles.
* Option D: Coexistence of hashed and truncated PANs is permissible if proper controls are in place.
NEW QUESTION # 32
What would be an appropriate strength for the key-encrypting key (KEK) used to protect an AES 128-bit data- encrypting key (DEK)?
- A. ROT 13
- B. DES 256
- C. RSA 512
- D. AES 128
Answer: D
Explanation:
The strength of a key-encrypting key (KEK) should be at least equivalent to the strength of the data- encrypting key (DEK) it protects to ensure the overall security of the cryptographic system.
* Option A:Incorrect. DES (Data Encryption Standard) with a 256-bit key length is not a standard configuration, as traditional DES uses a 56-bit key, which is considered weak by modern standards.
* Option B:Incorrect. RSA with a 512-bit key length is considered weak and does not provide sufficient security for protecting AES 128-bit keys.
* Option C:Correct. Using an AES 128-bit key as the KEK to protect an AES 128-bit DEK ensures that both keys have equivalent strength, maintaining the integrity of the encryption system.
* Option D:Incorrect. ROT13 is a simple substitution cipher and does not provide adequate security for encrypting cryptographic keys.
For detailed guidelines on cryptographic key management, refer toRequirement 3: Protect Stored Account Datain thePCI DSS v4.0.1document.
NEW QUESTION # 33
An internal NTP server that provides time services to the Cardholder Data Environment is?
- A. Only in scope if it stores, processes or transmits cardholder data.
- B. Not in scope for PCI DSS.
- C. In scope for PCI DSS.
- D. Only in scope if it provides time services to database servers.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Scope definition in PCI DSS v4.0.1 (Section 4)includesany system that can impact the security of the CDE.
Time synchronization servers such asNTParecritical to log integrity(Requirement 10.6), and if they provide services to CDE systems,they are in scopeeven if they do not directly process cardholder data.
* Option A:#Incorrect. Scope is broader than just databases.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Time serversimpact log security, so they are in scope.
* Option C:#Incorrect. PCI DSS scope includes systems thataffect the securityof CDE, not just those storing card data.
* Option D:#Correct. Internal NTP servers providing services to the CDE arein scope.
NEW QUESTION # 34
Assigning a unique ID to each person is intended to ensure?
- A. Strong passwords are used for each user account.
- B. Individual users are accountable for their own actions.
- C. Access is assigned to group accounts based on need-to-know.
- D. Shared accounts are only used by administrators.
Answer: B
Explanation:
According toRequirement 8.2.1, PCI DSS mandates that all users be assigned aunique IDbefore accessing system components or cardholder data. This ensuresaccountability, enabling identification of actions taken by each user.
* Option A:#Incorrect. Password strength is addressed underRequirement 8.3, not unique ID.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Shared accounts areprohibitedregardless of admin status.
* Option C:#Correct. Unique IDs ensure thateach user's actions can be traced.
* Option D:#Incorrect. Group accounts are discouraged in favour of individual accountability.
NEW QUESTION # 35
Which of the following statements is true whenever a cryptographic key is retired and replaced with a new key?
- A. Cryptographic key components from the retired key must be retained for 3 months before disposal.
- B. All data encrypted under the retired key must be securely destroyed.
- C. The retired key must not be used for encryption operations.
- D. A new key custodian must be assigned.
Answer: C
Explanation:
When a cryptographic key is retired and replaced, it is essential to ensure that the retired key is no longer used for encryption purposes to maintain the security of the cryptographic system.
* Option A:Correct. Retired keys must not be used for encryption operations to prevent potential security vulnerabilities. However, they may be retained for decryption purposes if necessary, such as decrypting existing data encrypted under the retired key.
* Option B:Incorrect. PCI DSS does not specify a mandatory retention period for retired cryptographic key components before disposal. Retention periods should align with the entity's data retention policies and legal requirements.
* Option C:Incorrect. Assigning a new key custodian is not a mandatory requirement upon key retirement and replacement, though proper key management practices should ensure that custodianship is clearly defined and documented.
* Option D:Incorrect. While data encrypted under a retired key should be re-encrypted with the new key or securely managed, PCI DSS does not mandate the destruction of such data solely due to key retirement.
For more information on cryptographic key management practices, refer toRequirement 3: Protect Stored Account Datain thePCI DSS v4.0.1document.Wikipedia
NEW QUESTION # 36
Which statement about the Attestation of Compliance (AOC) is correct?
- A. There are different AOC templates for service providers and merchants.
- B. The AOC must be signed by both the merchant/service provider and by PCI SSC.
- C. The same AOC template is used W ROCs and SAQs.
- D. The AOC must be signed by either the merchant/service provider or the QSA/ISA.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Attestation of Compliance (AOC):
* The AOC is a document that confirms an entity's compliance with PCI DSS requirements. It is signed by the entity (merchant or service provider) and the Qualified Security Assessor (QSA) if a QSA is involved.
Different AOC Templates:
* PCI DSS provides distinct templates for service providers and merchants, tailored to their respective roles and responsibilities within the cardholder data environment (CDE).
Invalid Options:
* B:PCI SSC does not sign AOCs; they are signed by the merchant/service provider and the QSA.
* C:AOCs differ between ROCs and SAQs, so the same template is not universally used.
* D:Both the merchant/service provider and the QSA/ISA (Internal Security Assessor) must sign the AOC when applicable.
NEW QUESTION # 37
Passwords for default accounts and default administrative accounts should be?
- A. Reset to the default password before installing a system on the network.
- B. Configured to expire in 30 days.
- C. Changed before installing a system on the network.
- D. Changed within 30 days after installing a system on the network.
Answer: C
Explanation:
According toRequirement 2.2.6,default passwords must be changed before systems are installed on the network. The use of default credentials (such as "admin/admin") presents a major security risk and is a well- known vector for breaches.
* Option A:#Incorrect. Changing within 30 days is not soon enough per PCI DSS.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Resetting to default would defeat the purpose of secure configuration.
* Option C:#Correct. The requirement is to change default passwordsprior to network connection.
* Option D:#Incorrect. Password expiration policies are a separate topic under Requirement 8.
References:
PCI DSS v4.0.1 - Requirement 2.2.6;
PCI DSS v4.0.1 - Guidance for Requirement 2.2.6.
NEW QUESTION # 38
What must be included in an organization's procedures for managing visitors?
- A. Visitors are escorted at all times within areas where cardholder data is processed or maintained.
- B. Visitor badges are identical to badges used by onsite personnel.
- C. Visitors retain their identification (for example, a visitor badge) for 30 days after completion of the visit.
- D. Visitor log includes visitor name, address, and contact phone number.
Answer: A
Explanation:
According toRequirement 9.4.2.2, visitors must beescorted at all timesin areas where cardholder data is stored or processed. This is a key component of physical access control and is intended to prevent unauthorised access or tampering.
* Option A:#Correct. Escorts aremandatoryfor visitors in sensitive areas.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Visitor badgesmust be distinguishablefrom employee badges.
* Option C:#Incorrect. PCI DSS requires name and firm represented, butnot full address or phone.
* Option D:#Incorrect. Visitor badges must besurrendered or deactivatedimmediately after the visit ends.
References:
PCI DSS v4.0.1 - Requirements 9.4.2.1 to 9.4.2.3.
NEW QUESTION # 39
Which of the following describes "stateful responses" to communication Initiated by a trusted network?
- A. Active network connections are tracked so that invalid "response" traffic can be identified.
- B. A current baseline of application configurations is maintained and any mis-configuration is responded to promptly.
- C. Logs of user activity on the firewall are correlated to identify and respond to suspicious behavior.
- D. Administrative access to respond to requests to change the firewall Is limited to one individual at a time.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Stateful Inspection
* PCI DSS Requirement 1.2 specifies the need for stateful inspection to track the state of active connections. This ensures that only valid responses to communication initiated by trusted networks are allowed.
* Invalid or unsolicited response traffic is blocked to prevent exploitation of vulnerabilities.
Key Functionality of Stateful Firewalls
* Stateful firewalls maintain session information and only allow traffic that matches an existing session or expected response.
Incorrect Options
* Option A: Administrative access restrictions are important but unrelated to stateful responses.
* Option C: Baseline configurations are a different security control.
* Option D: Logging and correlation are for threat detection, not stateful response.
NEW QUESTION # 40
Which statement is true regarding the presence of both hashed and truncated versions of the same PAN in an environment?
- A. The hashed and truncated versions must be correlated so the source PAN can be identified.
- B. Hashed and truncated versions of a PAN must not exist in same environment.
- C. Controls are needed to prevent the original PAN being exposed by the hashed and truncated versions.
- D. The hashed version of the PAN must also be truncated per PCI DSS requirements for strong cryptography.
Answer: C
Explanation:
PCI DSS allows for theuse of truncation and hashingfor protecting PAN, butRequirement 3.4.1and its guidance warn againstcombining hashed and truncated PANsin such a way that the original PAN could be reconstructed. If both formats exist,controls must ensurethey can't be used together to reverse-engineer the PAN.
* Option A:#Correct. Controls must ensure PAN cannot be reconstructed using both versions.
* Option B:#Incorrect. A hashed PAN does not need truncation - hashing is a separate mechanism.
* Option C:#Incorrect. PCI DSS aims to prevent correlation, not encourage it.
* Option D:#Incorrect. They can coexist, but must be secured so that PAN cannot be derived.
NEW QUESTION # 41
What process is required by PCI DSS for protecting card-reading devices at the point-of-sale?
- A. The serial number of each device is periodically verified with the device manufacturer.
- B. Devices are physically destroyed if there is suspicion of compromise.
- C. Devices are periodically inspected to detect unauthorized card skimmers.
- D. Device identifiers and security labels are periodically replaced.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Requirement9.9.2of PCI DSS v4.0.1 mandates that entitiesregularly inspect POS devicesto detect signs of tampering or skimming. This includes physical inspections to identify unexpected additions, unauthorized stickers, broken seals, etc.
* Option A:Correct. Regular inspection for skimming/tampering is required.
* Option B:Incorrect. There is no mandate for manufacturer serial number verification.
* Option C:Incorrect. PCI DSS does not require routine replacement of device identifiers or labels.
* Option D:Incorrect. Devices may be investigated if compromised, but not necessarily destroyed.
NEW QUESTION # 42
An entity wants to know if the Software Security Framework can be leveraged during their assessment.
Which of the following software types would this apply to?
- A. Software developed by the entity in accordance with the Secure SLC Standard.
- B. Validated Payment Applications that are listed by PCI SSC and have undergone a PA-DSS assessment.
- C. Only software which runs on PCI PTS devices.
- D. Any payment software In the CDE.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Software Security Framework Overview
* PCI SSC's Software Security Framework (SSF) encompasses Secure Software Standard and Secure Software Lifecycle (Secure SLC) Standard.
* Software developed under the Secure SLC Standard adheres to security-by-design principles and can leverage the SSF during PCI DSS assessments.
Applicability
* The framework is primarily for software developed by entities or third parties adhering to PCI SSC standards.
* It does not apply to legacy payment software listed under PA-DSS unless migrated to SSF.
Incorrect Options
* Option A: Not all payment software qualifies; it must align with SSF requirements.
* Option B: PCI PTS devices are subject to different security requirements.
* Option C: PA-DSS-listed software does not automatically meet SSF standards without reassessment.
NEW QUESTION # 43
Which statement is true regarding the use of intrusion detection techniques, such as intrusion detection systems and/or intrusion protection systems (IDS/IPS)?
- A. Intrusion detection techniques are required to identify all instances of cardholder data.
- B. Intrusion detection techniques are required to alert personnel of suspected compromises.
- C. Intrusion detection techniques are required to isolate systems in the cardholder data environment from all other systems.
- D. Intrusion detection techniques are required on all system components.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Requirement 11.5.1mandates that organisations deployintrusion-detection or prevention toolstomonitor traffic and generate alertsfor suspicious activity. The goal is tonotify personnel quicklyof a possible breach.
* Option A:#Incorrect. IDS/IPS isnot requiredon every component - only where it adds value.
* Option B:#Correct. IDS/IPS must be configured toalert on potential compromises.
* Option C:#Incorrect. Segmentation is a separate concern under Requirement 1.
* Option D:#Incorrect. IDS is not for discovering cardholder data.
NEW QUESTION # 44
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